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More self-driving cars enter the test phase

In the wake of the autonomous driving boom, it's time to take a step back and evaluate all aspects of the industry's progress in order to better move forward. This achievement is the result of coordinated efforts across the entire supply chain. Behind the city road test prototypes lies a comprehensive range of products—from chips and sensors, to vehicle hardware, algorithms, integrated solutions, and even travel services. It's a complex process that reflects the maturity of the industry. As we enter the new year, the intelligent transformation of the automotive sector continues to gain momentum at every level. This time, Beijing has taken a leading role by releasing the first official version of the "Autonomous Driving Road Test Exam Outline." Since the beginning of the industry last year, Beijing has introduced guidelines and management rules for self-driving vehicle road tests, becoming the first to loosen policies and explicitly allow and support autonomous vehicles for testing. On February 2nd, the Beijing Municipal Economic Information Commission, the Municipal Traffic Commission, and the Public Security Bureau's Traffic Management Division issued the "Contents and Methods for the Evaluation of Road Test Capability of Beijing Autopilot Vehicles (Trial)" and the "Technical Requirements for the Closed Test Site of Self-driving Vehicles in Beijing (Trial)." These documents further clarify the specific requirements for autonomous driving tests, marking a significant milestone in the development of Beijing’s autonomous driving industry. This can be seen as a “law” — not just a regulation, but a method and framework guiding the industry forward. It is understood that the exam includes various dynamic driving tasks such as meeting oncoming traffic, opening wide doors, navigating narrow roads, climbing slopes, and starting from a stop. The test also evaluates the vehicle’s ability to recognize road markings and follow traffic regulations. A score of 100 points is possible, with deductions applied. To pass, a score of 80 or above is required, which is stricter than the standard for human driver’s licenses. The official release of the autopilot capability evaluation standards is a major step forward for the automotive industry. It signals that more autonomous vehicles will soon be tested in urban environments, raising expectations for the arrival of a fully autonomous driving era. Indeed, over the past one or two years, China's enthusiasm for intelligent and connected vehicle development has been growing rapidly. From traditional automakers to tech companies, telecom firms, and even government agencies, all are actively pushing for the intelligent evolution of vehicles. Breakthroughs have been made in key technology R&D, marketization of independent products, industrial chain layout, and testing and demonstration projects. Meanwhile, the United States is also accelerating its own autonomous driving revolution. According to foreign media reports, the new American Smart Driving Demonstration Zone — the American Center for Mobility (ACM) — is set to become the ultimate testing ground for real-world validation of autonomous vehicles. To reduce highway accidents and offer new transportation options, engineers must improve the performance of autonomous vehicles. While sensors, actuators, and software are under development, and millions of miles of testing have been completed, public roads remain limited in their ability to provide real-world data. In response, Ford, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), and University of Michigan engineer John Maddox proposed an idea: Why not turn the U.S. industrial base into a testing ground for future vehicle development? The U.S. Mobile Travel Center is still under construction and was scheduled to open in December 2017. With a budget of around $100 million and covering approximately 500 acres, it is ten times larger than Mcity and offers three orders of magnitude more testing potential. Once completed, experts from governments, companies, and universities will gather there to develop autonomous and connected vehicles, shape regulatory policies, and advance the field of driverless cars. At this stage, 70% of U.S. car R&D power and 63 of the top 100 auto suppliers in North America are based in Michigan. The ACM meets the urgent needs of these manufacturers. Car companies and related firms are also actively conducting road tests. Over the past five months, Mercedes-Benz launched a project called Intelligent World Drive, where a small team drove a special S450L luxury sedan across five continents, aiming to collect real-world traffic data from different cities and learn about local road conditions, driving behaviors, and legal regulations. The goal is to integrate this information into future autopilot systems. The Mercedes team observed that differences in traffic signs, climate, and road design between cities can significantly impact autonomous vehicles. For example, some intersections in Shanghai are large and lack lane markings, while the traffic light timing is unique. In Melbourne, drivers may encounter a “hook turn,” requiring left-hand drivers to wait for a green light on the right turn. In Cape Town, sand can easily cover lane markings. Allowing autonomous vehicles to undergo real-world urban testing is crucial for the next phase of development. That’s why companies like Waymo and others are increasingly choosing to test their vehicles in city environments. While human drivers rely on intuition, autonomous systems must strictly adhere to traffic laws and road rules, reducing the risk of unpredictable behavior. Behind the current autonomous driving boom, it's time to focus on evaluating key indicators and advancing the next steps effectively. Clearly, the path to automotive intelligence and automation isn’t the work of one company or one field alone. It's the result of collaboration across the entire industry chain, involving companies in multiple sectors, as well as government and societal support. Behind the prototypes being tested on city roads lies a highly integrated process, from chips and sensors, to vehicle hardware, algorithms, integrated solutions, and finally to travel services.

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