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In the context of rapid development in China's power system, ensuring the safe, reliable, and stable operation of the fire water system in power plants has become increasingly critical. The level of automation and control in these systems is continuously rising. Traditional methods such as manual control and simple electrical interlocking are no longer sufficient due to their low automation level and poor reliability, which fail to meet the growing safety requirements of modern power plants.
With the widespread use of programmable PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) automatic controllers and inverter regulation technology, the Atlantic Pump industry recommends implementing a PLC-based control system for fire water systems. This system ensures timely water supply during emergencies, automatically switches between pumps, and supports unattended operation, reducing human error risks.
The original fire water supply system was entirely manually controlled. When a fire occurs, the fire pump cannot be activated automatically, leading to insufficient water pressure and an inability to maintain stable pipeline pressure. Human errors can also delay water supply, potentially causing pipe bursts and equipment damage. Therefore, the traditional fire pump control system lacks automation and reliability, posing significant risks during emergencies.
This system includes a 250KW motor-driven fire pump and a 15KW voltage regulator pump. It uses PLC control with inverter speed regulation, enabling automatic operation without supervision. The system incorporates an analog output pressure sensor, a pressure display meter ranging from 0–1.6MPa, and a switch pressure gauge P1.
The analog output from the pressure sensor is used as a setpoint input to the PLC. After PI (Proportional-Integral) adjustment, the signal is sent to the inverter, which adjusts its frequency based on pressure to control the motor speed, maintaining constant water pressure. The upper pressure limit is set at 1.0MPa, while the lower limit is 0.8MPa. When the pipeline pressure drops below this level, the inverter automatically starts the fire pump.
When the pipeline pressure reaches the upper limit (1.0MPa), the fire pump motor stops automatically. Additionally, if the switch pressure gauge P1 detects the upper limit pressure of 1.1MPa, the steady pressure pump is stopped to prevent frequent start-ups, thus extending the service life of the pump.
The system includes a manual/auto transfer switch. Normally, it is set to auto mode, where the fire pump is controlled by the PLC. If the inverter or pump fails, the switch can be moved to manual mode, allowing direct manual operation of the fire pump and voltage regulator pump.
Under normal conditions, the pipeline pressure is maintained at 1.0MPa to ensure quick water discharge through fire hoses. To avoid unnecessary energy consumption, the maximum allowable pressure in the pipeline is set to 10 kg (approximately 1.0MPa). When the pressure reaches this level and no fire is detected, the PLC stops the fire pump. At a pressure of 11 kg, the regulator pump is also shut down to further optimize energy usage.