Analysis of two isolation chips commonly used in the SPI bus: 6N137 and ADuM315x

SPI, short for Serial Peripheral Interface, is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus. By utilizing just four pins on a chip, it conserves valuable real estate on the board and simplifies PCB layout. This makes it an ideal choice for many applications, especially where AD converters transmit data via the SPI bus. For instance, consider the 6N137 SPI isolation chip. In industrial data acquisition scenarios, the complex on-site conditions often lead to high common-mode voltages between nodes, which can disrupt the proper functioning of the SPI interface and even damage chips or equipment. Therefore, in harsh environments or when high performance is required, it's essential to electrically isolate the communication nodes of the SPI bus. Traditionally, optocoupler technology has been used for this purpose, with devices like the 6N137 offering protection by isolating the detection circuitry. The 6N137 operates at 5V, with a maximum speed of 10Mbps, an operating temperature range of 0°C to 70°C, and an isolation voltage of 2500Vrms. Packaged in a DIP8 format, it provides only one isolation channel, limiting its use in more demanding environments. On the other hand, ADI’s ADuM315x series digital isolators present a more advanced solution. These four-channel digital isolators significantly outperform opto-isolated devices, making them suitable for SPI buses and other challenging applications. Unlike the 6N137, which requires numerous resistors and transistors for proper operation, the ADuM315x isolators only need two standard bypass capacitors to function correctly. They are over six times faster than competing optocoupler or digital isolator solutions, with a footprint that is 80% smaller and costs reduced by 85%. This enables faster SPI clock rates, improving data acquisition system throughput and responsiveness. Additionally, the high level of functional integration simplifies system design by providing a straightforward, high-speed SPI signal isolation solution within a single package. The ADuM3151, ADuM3152, and ADuM3153 models come in various configurations, offering four high-speed channels along with three additional independent, low-data-rate channels for auxiliary/control signal isolation. Meanwhile, the ADuM3154 digital isolator introduces a slave-selectable multiplexing system capable of handling up to four slave devices with just one isolator. It supports a 17MHz clock and requires only two pins, saving one MCU GPIO. The slave can be selected using two pin-addressable slaves, with the fast SS channel gating the slave for precise timing. ADI, or Analog Devices Semiconductor (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., is a global leader in designing, manufacturing, and marketing high-performance analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing (DSP) ICs for various types of electrical and electronic equipment. Established in 1965, the company employs over 15,000 people and holds more than 4,700 patents. Its innovative offerings include data converters, amplifiers, RF ICs, power management products, MEMS-based sensors, and other signal processing products, including DSPs and other processors. Engineers can also explore evaluation boards such as the EVAL-ADUM3150Z, EVAL-ADUM3151Z, and EVAL-ADUM3154Z for these isolators. These EV kits provide access to all data channels, multiple connectivity options, support for Tektronix active probes, cable termination, PCB edge-mounted coaxial cable connectors, and easy configuration options for engineers. In summary, while the 6N137 remains a reliable option for certain applications, the ADuM315x series represents a leap forward in terms of speed, size, and functionality, making it an excellent choice for modern industrial applications requiring robust SPI isolation.

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