Three Generations of Nuclear Power Recognized by Market Preservation

Three Generations of Nuclear Power Recognized by Market Preservation From May 15th to 16th, the 9th China Nuclear Energy International Conference with the theme “Renewal of Nuclear Power: Challenges and Opportunities” was held in Beijing. People from nuclear power industry at home and abroad on the prospects, technology selection and safety of China’s nuclear power market after the restart Supervision, nuclear equipment safety standards, nuclear fuel supply and back-end processing were discussed. As one of the hot topics, the prospects for the selection, application and marketization of the three generations of nuclear power technology have attracted attention, and its maturity, economy, and localization have also become key words for discussion.

AP1000 will become the main reactor type

According to public information, the recently approved Mid- and Long-Term Nuclear Power Development Plan (2011-2020) puts forward a clear requirement for the scale, layout, and technical route of nuclear power development. By 2020, China's nuclear power transmission capacity will reach 58 million kilowatts under construction. 30 million kilowatts, a total of 88 million kilowatts. With the commencement of production of Unit 1 of Ningde Nuclear Power Plant in April this year, China (Mainland) currently operates 16 nuclear power generating units with a total installed capacity of 13.66 million kilowatts. 29 units are under construction with a total installed capacity of 31.6 million kilowatts.

According to Xu Yuming, deputy secretary-general of the China Nuclear Energy Association, the installed capacity under operation and construction is currently about 45 million kilowatts. According to the above plan, 13 million kilowatts of new nuclear power plants are planned for 2013-2015, with an average annual construction of 3-4. Taiwanese units; 2016-2020, plans to build 30 million kilowatts of nuclear power plants, an average of 5-6 units per year. "From the perspective of the current development trend, it is highly probable that more than 88 million kilowatts of nuclear power generating units will be under construction in 2020."

Both the scale and progress have been made. In the next eight years, including 2013, how do we determine the technical options for the new unit?

The third session of the State Council executive meeting convened on October 24, 2012 to deploy nuclear power at present and in the next period clearly stated that the access threshold should be increased and nuclear power projects should be built according to the highest global safety requirements. It also emphasizes that new nuclear power generating units must meet three generation safety standards.

Xu Yuming stated that the relevant national plans pointed out that during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” priority should be given to construction in eligible coastal areas, and all preparations for the construction of nuclear power in inland areas should be done at the same time, including the distribution of water resources and the environmental impact of radioactive effluents. And social risk assessment. In addition, new construction units must be built in accordance with the highest standards in the world and must meet three generations of safety standards. “The AP1000 nuclear power plant built before 2020 will account for a relatively high proportion, and may reach more than half; other technologies, including autonomous third-generation technologies, will also have room for development.”

The reporter saw in the technical route selection forecast table for a new nuclear power plant that the proportion of the AP1000 intended to be used as an alternative reactor type and a certain reactor type was almost reached among the 18 nuclear power projects including the first three inland nuclear power projects. 78%. In addition, some projects will use foreign introduction or autonomous third-generation technologies, such as AES-91 and EPR, as well as ACPR1000, ACP1000, and CAP1400.

Massification needs to solve obstacles

The information shows that the three generations of nuclear power projects currently under construction in China include Phase 1 nuclear power plant with AP1000 technology, Phase 1 Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant, and Phase 1 nuclear power plant with Taishan Nuclear Power Plant using EPR technology. Sanmen Nuclear Unit 1 and Haiyang Nuclear Unit 1 are expected to be connected to the grid for power generation in October 2014 and December 2014, respectively.

It is not long before power generation is started. What will be the market selection and batch construction of AP1000?

According to Xu Yuming, as the main reactor type in the future, the scale and progress of the development of the AP1000 nuclear power unit are mainly affected by factors such as its maturity, economy, and localization progress. This is also the challenge of the technical route and development approach that China's nuclear power is currently facing.

“The continuous improvement in the requirements for nuclear power safety and the breakthrough in economic efficiency are one of the basic preconditions for the third-generation nuclear power technology to gain market recognition and realize mass production.” said the relevant person in charge of the development of China Nuclear Power International Nuclear Power. His basic judgment on the development of nuclear power in the future is that the basic three-generation technical characteristics will become the general requirements for newly-started units after the Fukushima nuclear accident. The third-generation nuclear power generation represented by AP1000 and EPR has the conditions for mass production, that is, the demonstration project has been successfully constructed and verified, and it has achieved breakthroughs in terms of improvement and economical performance in response to the experience feedback from the Fukushima nuclear accident. In addition, through continuous improvement, the three generations of nuclear power technologies will maintain their dominant position in the international nuclear power market for 10-15 years. The development process of advanced small and fourth generation reactors will be further accelerated.

Relevant data show that AP1000 relies on the project's three-phase one-phase two-unit basis price of 32.407 billion yuan, the building price 40.1 billion yuan, the unit cost 16,000 yuan / kilowatt, the domestic second generation of improved nuclear power plant cost is about 13,000 yuan / In kilowatts, the former is 20% higher than the latter. The industry predicts that the on-grid electricity price for the three-phase one-period project will exceed 0.45 yuan/million, and currently the nuclear power unit in operation is almost never higher than this price.

“Subsequent localization of CAP1000 projects will result in lower prices. If the unit cost is reduced to 13,000 yuan/kW, and the on-grid tariff is controlled below 0.42 yuan/million, the economy will have greater competitiveness. If this is achieved, It is believed that the AP1000 will develop faster in the future, and if the price is the same or lower than that of other reactors, the advantages of higher safety will be revealed. If this is not achieved, the economy will become its development. A constraint," Xu Yuming pointed out.

In terms of localization progress, related data show that at present, domestic enterprises have mastered the AP1000 large-scale forging manufacturing technology and can produce all the forgings required, and most of the main equipment has also achieved localization. “However, there is still a significant gap between the level of autonomy in key equipment and raw material manufacturing and that of foreign companies. In the future, batch construction will no longer be limited by people in terms of equipment,” said Xu Yuming.

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