Release date: 2017-11-28Source: LED NetworkShare:

Understanding the origins of metal halide lamps can help us evaluate their replacement with LED technology. These lamps were originally developed by Philips in the Netherlands, and they work by using an electric current to excite mercury vapor, which produces ultraviolet light. This light then activates a phosphor coating inside the lamp to emit visible light. Over time, these lamps evolved into high-pressure mercury lamps, but due to the toxic nature of mercury, the name was changed to "metal halide lamps." Despite the misleading name, they still contain mercury, which is harmful to both health and the environment.

There are several specifications for metal halide lamps, such as PAR20 35W, PAR30 35W, and PAR30 70W, among others. The actual power consumption is slightly higher than the nominal rating, with 35W lamps consuming about 39W and 70W lamps around 73W. The color temperature varies between models, with 942 representing a cooler white (around 4200K) and 830 being a warmer white (around 3000K).

The size and beam angles of metal halide lamps differ from standard PAR lamps. They tend to be longer due to the internal discharge process, but the diameter remains similar. Common beam angles include 26°, 34°, and 70°, making them suitable for various lighting applications.

In terms of pricing, metal halide lamps vary significantly. While some imported models like Philips cost around 125 yuan without a ballast, domestic brands may offer different options at varying prices. For example, NVC Lighting’s 70W model costs about 240 yuan, while Shanghai Yaming’s lamps range from 299 yuan for 250W to 325 yuan for 400W. However, the market for these lamps has been gradually shifting towards more energy-efficient alternatives.

Performance-wise, metal halide lamps have a long lifespan of up to 30,000 hours, but their efficiency is limited due to the need for a ballast. Their light output is also affected by installation orientation, as they emit light in all directions. Additionally, they require high starting voltage, which typically necessitates an inductive or electronic ballast. Electronic ballasts are more efficient but significantly more expensive.

When comparing metal halide lamps with LEDs, it's clear that LEDs offer several advantages. They are more energy-efficient, last longer, and do not contain hazardous materials like mercury. However, replacing high-power metal halide lamps (such as 400W to 1000W) with LEDs requires advanced cooling systems. Currently, most LED replacements are suitable for lower wattage lamps, such as 70W models.

Replacing 70W metal halide lamps with LED PAR lamps is becoming increasingly popular. Although many LED models on the market today fall short in brightness and efficiency, advancements in technology are rapidly improving this. For instance, Effie’s 60W LED lamp offers 6900 lumens with a luminous efficacy of 115lm/W, surpassing the performance of traditional metal halide lamps while saving up to 35% in energy consumption.

Despite the challenges, the shift from metal halide to LED lighting is driven by environmental concerns, energy savings, and technological progress. As manufacturers continue to innovate, the feasibility of fully replacing metal halide lamps with LED lights will only increase in the coming years.